// Copyright 2018-2022 the Deno authors. All rights reserved. MIT license.

/*!
 * Ported and modified from: https://github.com/beatgammit/tar-js and
 * licensed as:
 *
 * (The MIT License)
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2011 T. Jameson Little
 * Copyright (c) 2019 Jun Kato
 * Copyright (c) 2018-2022 the Deno authors
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
 * THE SOFTWARE.
 */

/**
 * Provides a `Tar` and `Untar` classes for compressing and decompressing
 * arbitrary data.
 *
 * ## Examples
 *
 * ### Tar
 *
 * ```ts
 * import { Tar } from "https://deno.land/std@$STD_VERSION/archive/tar.ts";
 * import { Buffer } from "https://deno.land/std@$STD_VERSION/io/buffer.ts";
 * import { copy } from "https://deno.land/std@$STD_VERSION/streams/conversion.ts";
 *
 * const tar = new Tar();
 * const content = new TextEncoder().encode("Deno.land");
 * await tar.append("deno.txt", {
 *   reader: new Buffer(content),
 *   contentSize: content.byteLength,
 * });
 *
 * // Or specifying a filePath.
 * await tar.append("land.txt", {
 *   filePath: "./land.txt",
 * });
 *
 * // use tar.getReader() to read the contents.
 *
 * const writer = await Deno.open("./out.tar", { write: true, create: true });
 * await copy(tar.getReader(), writer);
 * writer.close();
 * ```
 *
 * ### Untar
 *
 * ```ts
 * import { Untar } from "https://deno.land/std@$STD_VERSION/archive/tar.ts";
 * import { ensureFile } from "https://deno.land/std@$STD_VERSION/fs/ensure_file.ts";
 * import { ensureDir } from "https://deno.land/std@$STD_VERSION/fs/ensure_dir.ts";
 * import { copy } from "https://deno.land/std@$STD_VERSION/streams/conversion.ts";
 *
 * const reader = await Deno.open("./out.tar", { read: true });
 * const untar = new Untar(reader);
 *
 * for await (const entry of untar) {
 *   console.log(entry); // metadata
 *
 *   if (entry.type === "directory") {
 *     await ensureDir(entry.fileName);
 *     continue;
 *   }
 *
 *   await ensureFile(entry.fileName);
 *   const file = await Deno.open(entry.fileName, { write: true });
 *   // <entry> is a reader.
 *   await copy(entry, file);
 * }
 * reader.close();
 * ```
 *
 * @module
 */

import { MultiReader } from "../io/readers.ts";
import { Buffer, PartialReadError } from "../io/buffer.ts";
import { assert } from "../_util/assert.ts";
import { readAll } from "../streams/conversion.ts";

type Reader = Deno.Reader;
type Seeker = Deno.Seeker;

const recordSize = 512;
const ustar = "ustar\u000000";

// https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/pax.html#tag_20_92_13_06
// eight checksum bytes taken to be ascii spaces (decimal value 32)
const initialChecksum = 8 * 32;

async function readBlock(
  reader: Deno.Reader,
  p: Uint8Array,
): Promise<number | null> {
  let bytesRead = 0;
  while (bytesRead < p.length) {
    const rr = await reader.read(p.subarray(bytesRead));
    if (rr === null) {
      if (bytesRead === 0) {
        return null;
      } else {
        throw new PartialReadError();
      }
    }
    bytesRead += rr;
  }
  return bytesRead;
}

/**
 * Simple file reader
 */
class FileReader implements Reader {
  #file?: Deno.FsFile;

  constructor(private filePath: string) {}

  public async read(p: Uint8Array): Promise<number | null> {
    if (!this.#file) {
      this.#file = await Deno.open(this.filePath, { read: true });
    }
    const res = await Deno.read(this.#file.rid, p);
    if (res === null) {
      Deno.close(this.#file.rid);
      this.#file = undefined;
    }
    return res;
  }
}

/**
 * Remove the trailing null codes
 * @param buffer
 */
function trim(buffer: Uint8Array): Uint8Array {
  const index = buffer.findIndex((v): boolean => v === 0);
  if (index < 0) return buffer;
  return buffer.subarray(0, index);
}

/**
 * Initialize Uint8Array of the specified length filled with 0
 * @param length
 */
function clean(length: number): Uint8Array {
  const buffer = new Uint8Array(length);
  buffer.fill(0, 0, length - 1);
  return buffer;
}

function pad(num: number, bytes: number, base = 8): string {
  const numString = num.toString(base);
  return "000000000000".substr(numString.length + 12 - bytes) + numString;
}

enum FileTypes {
  "file" = 0,
  "link" = 1,
  "symlink" = 2,
  "character-device" = 3,
  "block-device" = 4,
  "directory" = 5,
  "fifo" = 6,
  "contiguous-file" = 7,
}

/*
struct posix_header {           // byte offset
  char name[100];               //   0
  char mode[8];                 // 100
  char uid[8];                  // 108
  char gid[8];                  // 116
  char size[12];                // 124
  char mtime[12];               // 136
  char chksum[8];               // 148
  char typeflag;                // 156
  char linkname[100];           // 157
  char magic[6];                // 257
  char version[2];              // 263
  char uname[32];               // 265
  char gname[32];               // 297
  char devmajor[8];             // 329
  char devminor[8];             // 337
  char prefix[155];             // 345
                                // 500
};
*/

const ustarStructure: Array<{ field: string; length: number }> = [
  {
    field: "fileName",
    length: 100,
  },
  {
    field: "fileMode",
    length: 8,
  },
  {
    field: "uid",
    length: 8,
  },
  {
    field: "gid",
    length: 8,
  },
  {
    field: "fileSize",
    length: 12,
  },
  {
    field: "mtime",
    length: 12,
  },
  {
    field: "checksum",
    length: 8,
  },
  {
    field: "type",
    length: 1,
  },
  {
    field: "linkName",
    length: 100,
  },
  {
    field: "ustar",
    length: 8,
  },
  {
    field: "owner",
    length: 32,
  },
  {
    field: "group",
    length: 32,
  },
  {
    field: "majorNumber",
    length: 8,
  },
  {
    field: "minorNumber",
    length: 8,
  },
  {
    field: "fileNamePrefix",
    length: 155,
  },
  {
    field: "padding",
    length: 12,
  },
];

/**
 * Create header for a file in a tar archive
 */
function formatHeader(data: TarData): Uint8Array {
  const encoder = new TextEncoder(),
    buffer = clean(512);
  let offset = 0;
  ustarStructure.forEach(function (value) {
    const entry = encoder.encode(data[value.field as keyof TarData] || "");
    buffer.set(entry, offset);
    offset += value.length; // space it out with nulls
  });
  return buffer;
}

/**
 * Parse file header in a tar archive
 * @param length
 */
function parseHeader(buffer: Uint8Array): { [key: string]: Uint8Array } {
  const data: { [key: string]: Uint8Array } = {};
  let offset = 0;
  ustarStructure.forEach(function (value) {
    const arr = buffer.subarray(offset, offset + value.length);
    data[value.field] = arr;
    offset += value.length;
  });
  return data;
}

export interface TarHeader {
  [key: string]: Uint8Array;
}

export interface TarData {
  fileName?: string;
  fileNamePrefix?: string;
  fileMode?: string;
  uid?: string;
  gid?: string;
  fileSize?: string;
  mtime?: string;
  checksum?: string;
  type?: string;
  ustar?: string;
  owner?: string;
  group?: string;
}

export interface TarDataWithSource extends TarData {
  /**
   * file to read
   */
  filePath?: string;
  /**
   * buffer to read
   */
  reader?: Reader;
}

export interface TarInfo {
  fileMode?: number;
  mtime?: number;
  uid?: number;
  gid?: number;
  owner?: string;
  group?: string;
  type?: string;
}

export interface TarOptions extends TarInfo {
  /**
   * append file
   */
  filePath?: string;

  /**
   * append any arbitrary content
   */
  reader?: Reader;

  /**
   * size of the content to be appended
   */
  contentSize?: number;
}

export interface TarMeta extends TarInfo {
  fileName: string;
  fileSize?: number;
}

// deno-lint-ignore no-empty-interface
interface TarEntry extends TarMeta {}

/**
 * A class to create a tar archive
 */
export class Tar {
  data: TarDataWithSource[];

  constructor() {
    this.data = [];
  }

  /**
   * Append a file to this tar archive
   * @param fn file name
   *                 e.g., test.txt; use slash for directory separators
   * @param opts options
   */
  async append(fn: string, opts: TarOptions) {
    if (typeof fn !== "string") {
      throw new Error("file name not specified");
    }
    let fileName = fn;
    // separate file name into two parts if needed
    let fileNamePrefix: string | undefined;
    if (fileName.length > 100) {
      let i = fileName.length;
      while (i >= 0) {
        i = fileName.lastIndexOf("/", i);
        if (i <= 155) {
          fileNamePrefix = fileName.substr(0, i);
          fileName = fileName.substr(i + 1);
          break;
        }
        i--;
      }
      const errMsg =
        "ustar format does not allow a long file name (length of [file name" +
        "prefix] + / + [file name] must be shorter than 256 bytes)";
      if (i < 0 || fileName.length > 100) {
        throw new Error(errMsg);
      } else {
        assert(fileNamePrefix != null);
        if (fileNamePrefix.length > 155) {
          throw new Error(errMsg);
        }
      }
    }

    opts = opts || {};

    // set meta data
    let info: Deno.FileInfo | undefined;
    if (opts.filePath) {
      info = await Deno.stat(opts.filePath);
      if (info.isDirectory) {
        info.size = 0;
        opts.reader = new Buffer();
      }
    }

    const mode = opts.fileMode || (info && info.mode) ||
        parseInt("777", 8) & 0xfff,
      mtime = Math.floor(
        opts.mtime ?? (info?.mtime ?? new Date()).valueOf() / 1000,
      ),
      uid = opts.uid || 0,
      gid = opts.gid || 0;
    if (typeof opts.owner === "string" && opts.owner.length >= 32) {
      throw new Error(
        "ustar format does not allow owner name length >= 32 bytes",
      );
    }
    if (typeof opts.group === "string" && opts.group.length >= 32) {
      throw new Error(
        "ustar format does not allow group name length >= 32 bytes",
      );
    }

    const fileSize = info?.size ?? opts.contentSize;
    assert(fileSize != null, "fileSize must be set");

    const type = opts.type
      ? FileTypes[opts.type as keyof typeof FileTypes]
      : (info?.isDirectory ? FileTypes.directory : FileTypes.file);
    const tarData: TarDataWithSource = {
      fileName,
      fileNamePrefix,
      fileMode: pad(mode, 7),
      uid: pad(uid, 7),
      gid: pad(gid, 7),
      fileSize: pad(fileSize, 11),
      mtime: pad(mtime, 11),
      checksum: "        ",
      type: type.toString(),
      ustar,
      owner: opts.owner || "",
      group: opts.group || "",
      filePath: opts.filePath,
      reader: opts.reader,
    };

    // calculate the checksum
    let checksum = 0;
    const encoder = new TextEncoder();
    Object.keys(tarData)
      .filter((key): boolean => ["filePath", "reader"].indexOf(key) < 0)
      .forEach(function (key) {
        checksum += encoder
          .encode(tarData[key as keyof TarData])
          .reduce((p, c): number => p + c, 0);
      });

    tarData.checksum = pad(checksum, 6) + "\u0000 ";
    this.data.push(tarData);
  }

  /**
   * Get a Reader instance for this tar data
   */
  getReader(): Reader {
    const readers: Reader[] = [];
    this.data.forEach((tarData) => {
      let { reader } = tarData;
      const { filePath } = tarData;
      const headerArr = formatHeader(tarData);
      readers.push(new Buffer(headerArr));
      if (!reader) {
        assert(filePath != null);
        reader = new FileReader(filePath);
      }
      readers.push(reader);

      // to the nearest multiple of recordSize
      assert(tarData.fileSize != null, "fileSize must be set");
      readers.push(
        new Buffer(
          clean(
            recordSize -
              (parseInt(tarData.fileSize, 8) % recordSize || recordSize),
          ),
        ),
      );
    });

    // append 2 empty records
    readers.push(new Buffer(clean(recordSize * 2)));
    return new MultiReader(readers);
  }
}

class TarEntry implements Reader {
  #header: TarHeader;
  #reader: Reader | (Reader & Deno.Seeker);
  #size: number;
  #read = 0;
  #consumed = false;
  #entrySize: number;
  constructor(
    meta: TarMeta,
    header: TarHeader,
    reader: Reader | (Reader & Deno.Seeker),
  ) {
    Object.assign(this, meta);
    this.#header = header;
    this.#reader = reader;

    // File Size
    this.#size = this.fileSize || 0;
    // Entry Size
    const blocks = Math.ceil(this.#size / recordSize);
    this.#entrySize = blocks * recordSize;
  }

  get consumed(): boolean {
    return this.#consumed;
  }

  async read(p: Uint8Array): Promise<number | null> {
    // Bytes left for entry
    const entryBytesLeft = this.#entrySize - this.#read;
    const bufSize = Math.min(
      // bufSize can't be greater than p.length nor bytes left in the entry
      p.length,
      entryBytesLeft,
    );

    if (entryBytesLeft <= 0) {
      this.#consumed = true;
      return null;
    }

    const block = new Uint8Array(bufSize);
    const n = await readBlock(this.#reader, block);
    const bytesLeft = this.#size - this.#read;

    this.#read += n || 0;
    if (n === null || bytesLeft <= 0) {
      if (n === null) this.#consumed = true;
      return null;
    }

    // Remove zero filled
    const offset = bytesLeft < n ? bytesLeft : n;
    p.set(block.subarray(0, offset), 0);

    return offset < 0 ? n - Math.abs(offset) : offset;
  }

  async discard() {
    // Discard current entry
    if (this.#consumed) return;
    this.#consumed = true;

    if (typeof (this.#reader as Seeker).seek === "function") {
      await (this.#reader as Seeker).seek(
        this.#entrySize - this.#read,
        Deno.SeekMode.Current,
      );
      this.#read = this.#entrySize;
    } else {
      await readAll(this);
    }
  }
}

/**
 * A class to extract a tar archive
 */
export class Untar {
  reader: Reader;
  block: Uint8Array;
  #entry: TarEntry | undefined;

  constructor(reader: Reader) {
    this.reader = reader;
    this.block = new Uint8Array(recordSize);
  }

  #checksum(header: Uint8Array): number {
    let sum = initialChecksum;
    for (let i = 0; i < 512; i++) {
      if (i >= 148 && i < 156) {
        // Ignore checksum header
        continue;
      }
      sum += header[i];
    }
    return sum;
  }

  async #getHeader(): Promise<TarHeader | null> {
    await readBlock(this.reader, this.block);
    const header = parseHeader(this.block);

    // calculate the checksum
    const decoder = new TextDecoder();
    const checksum = this.#checksum(this.block);

    if (parseInt(decoder.decode(header.checksum), 8) !== checksum) {
      if (checksum === initialChecksum) {
        // EOF
        return null;
      }
      throw new Error("checksum error");
    }

    const magic = decoder.decode(header.ustar);

    if (magic.indexOf("ustar")) {
      throw new Error(`unsupported archive format: ${magic}`);
    }

    return header;
  }

  #getMetadata(header: TarHeader): TarMeta {
    const decoder = new TextDecoder();
    // get meta data
    const meta: TarMeta = {
      fileName: decoder.decode(trim(header.fileName)),
    };
    const fileNamePrefix = trim(header.fileNamePrefix);
    if (fileNamePrefix.byteLength > 0) {
      meta.fileName = decoder.decode(fileNamePrefix) + "/" + meta.fileName;
    }
    (["fileMode", "mtime", "uid", "gid"] as [
      "fileMode",
      "mtime",
      "uid",
      "gid",
    ]).forEach((key) => {
      const arr = trim(header[key]);
      if (arr.byteLength > 0) {
        meta[key] = parseInt(decoder.decode(arr), 8);
      }
    });
    (["owner", "group", "type"] as ["owner", "group", "type"]).forEach(
      (key) => {
        const arr = trim(header[key]);
        if (arr.byteLength > 0) {
          meta[key] = decoder.decode(arr);
        }
      },
    );

    meta.fileSize = parseInt(decoder.decode(header.fileSize), 8);
    meta.type = FileTypes[parseInt(meta.type!)] ?? meta.type;

    return meta;
  }

  async extract(): Promise<TarEntry | null> {
    if (this.#entry && !this.#entry.consumed) {
      // If entry body was not read, discard the body
      // so we can read the next entry.
      await this.#entry.discard();
    }

    const header = await this.#getHeader();
    if (header === null) return null;

    const meta = this.#getMetadata(header);

    this.#entry = new TarEntry(meta, header, this.reader);

    return this.#entry;
  }

  async *[Symbol.asyncIterator](): AsyncIterableIterator<TarEntry> {
    while (true) {
      const entry = await this.extract();

      if (entry === null) return;

      yield entry;
    }
  }
}

export { TarEntry };
